Why aviation uses it
Radiotelephony needs unambiguous communication. Code words reduce errors caused by accent, interference and similar-sounding letters.
For the quickest reference, use the phonetic alphabet chart and phonetic alphabet numbers.
Number pronunciations
You’ll commonly hear: Tree (3), Fower (4), Fife (5) and Niner (9).
- Runway 27 → Two Seven
- Squawk 7000 → Seven Zero Zero Zero
- Heading 360 → Tree Six Zero
Practice drills
Why Accuracy Matters
In this context, even a single misunderstood letter can cause delays, errors, or safety risks.
Real Examples
The phonetic alphabet ensures consistent understanding across teams and environments.
More questions
Is the NATO phonetic alphabet the same worldwide?
Yes — it’s an internationally used standard across aviation, military, emergency services and radio communications.
Why not just spell normally?
Normal spelling is easy to mishear (“B” vs “D”, “M” vs “N”). Phonetic words make each letter unmistakable, even with noise or a weak signal.
Is this used in the UK?
Yes. In the UK it’s widely used in aviation and radio contexts, and it’s also handy for everyday phone calls and customer support.
Understanding the NATO phonetic alphabet
The NATO phonetic alphabet is a standardized spelling alphabet designed to make letters unmistakable when spoken aloud. Instead of saying just “B” or “D”, you say “Bravo” or “Delta”. The code words were selected because they are distinct, familiar, and easy to recognise across accents and in noisy conditions.
What it solves
- Similar-sounding letters: B/D, M/N, S/F and others are often confused on phone lines.
- Background noise: Radio chatter, traffic, or office noise can mask key sounds.
- Accents and pronunciation differences: Standard code words reduce ambiguity.
When to use it
It’s ideal whenever accuracy matters: spelling names, email addresses, vehicle registrations, booking references, serial numbers, or anything that would be costly to get wrong.
How to use it correctly
Say the letter and the code word together (for example: “B — Bravo”). Keep a steady pace, and confirm the full word or code at the end if the listener repeats it back.